Garmin GPSMAP 495 User Manual download pdf (Page 141)

GPSMAP 495 Owner’s Manual 133

TIS > TIS Limitations

TIS Limitations

TIS is NOT intended to be used as a collision avoidance system

and does not relieve the pilot responsibility to “see and avoid”

other aircraft. TIS should not be used for avoidance maneuvers

during IMC or other times when there is no visual contact with the

intruder aircraft. TIS is intended only to assist in visual acquisition

of other aircraft in VMC. No recommended avoidance maneuvers

are provided for, nor authorized, as a direct result of a TIS display or

TIS advisory.

While TIS is a useful aid to visual trafﬁc avoidance, it has some

system limitations that must be fully understood to ensure proper

use. Many of these limitations are inherent in secondary radar

surveillance. In other words, the information provided by TIS will

be no better than that provided to ATC. TIS only shows aircraft with

operating transponders installed.

TIS relies on surveillance of the Mode S radar, which is a

“secondary surveillance” radar similar to the ATCRBS. TIS

operation may be intermittent during turns or other maneuvering.

TIS is dependent on two-way, “line-of-sight” communications

between the aircraft and the Mode S radar.

Whenever the structure of the client aircraft comes between the

transponder antenna (usually located on the underside of the aircraft)

and the ground-based radar antenna, the signal may be temporarily

interrupted. Other limitations and anomalies associated with TIS are

described in the AIM, Section 1-3-5. Refer to page 144 for wiring

information.

NOTE: Garmin is not responsible for Mode S geographical

coverage. Operation of the ground stations is the responsibility

of the FAA. Refer to the Aeronautical Information Manual for a

Terminal Mode S Radar Site Map covering the U.S.

NOTE: TIS is unavailable at low altitudes in many areas of the

U.S., particularly in mountainous regions. Also, when ﬂying near

the “ﬂoor” of radar coverage in a particular area, intruders below

the client aircraft may not be detected by TIS.

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Garmin GPSMAP 495 User Manual Page 141