Garmin GPS 90 User Manual

GOTONRSTQUITWPTENTERPAGEGPS90PersonalNavigatorTM®Owner’sManual&Referencegps 90 manual 8/6/98 9:41 AM Page 1

2What is GPS?GPS (Global Positioning System) is a satellite-based navigation system developed by the U. S. Department of Defense to provide a consi

3The GPS 90 is a powerful navigation tool that can guide you anywhere inthe world. To better understand its operation and capabilities, it may be help

4GettingStartedKeypad UsageThe GPS 90’s two-speed thumbkey allows convenient, one-handed entry ofinformation. Press on a particular arrow key once

5Status PageTakeoffTourPower OnThe GARMIN GPS 90 is a powerful navigation tool thato ffers pilots a host of advanced features that help makefly

To exit the Message page and return to the previouspage:1. Press the Pkey.The GPS 90 features five main pages in a continuousloop: Satellite Status, Po

The field highlight will move to the Initial Positionfield, where we can now enter the starting position ofour flight, Lockhart Municipal A

Now we’ll need to enter a speed for the aircraft:1. Use the arrow keypad to highlight to the ‘SPD’ field.2. Press the Ekey to begin ground speed entry.

Most of your in-flight navigation with the GPS 90 willcenter around the Navigation and Moving Map pages.Now that we’re on our way, let’s move on to

The Moving Map page can be broken down into threeparts: the zoom and pan fields, located at the top of thepage; the moving map field; and speed dis

In addition to the location page, each airport in theGPS 90’s database feature separate communication andrunway pages, which are accessible

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The runway information page features a diagram ofavailable runways, along with runway length, surf a c etype and lighting for each ru n w

SUA alert messages for class B, class C, MOAs,restricted and other areas may be turned off to avoidnuisance alerts, and may also be removed fr

Now let’s return to the Map page to finish the tour. Ifyou’re not already on the Map page:1. Press Prepeatedly until the Map page appears.You may have

The power off count-down help s preventthe GPS 90 from beingpowered down acci-dentally.Congratulations! You’ve now mastered some of thebasi

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The GPS 90 uses an internal Jeppesen®database toprovide position and facility information for thousands ofairports, VORs, NDBs and intersections. E

After a waypoint category is selected, information for awaypoint can be viewed by entering the identifier orname of the desired waypoint. Airpor

Once a waypoint category and identifier have beenselected, the GPS 90 will provide extensive informationt h rough various waypoint review pages.

The GPS 90’s airport location page displays the latitude,longitude and elevation of the selected airport, as well asfuel availability. From the airpo

The last airport page is the runway page, which fea-tures a diagram of available runways, along with desig-nations, length, surface and lighting in

GPS 90Personal NavigatorTMOWNER’S MANUALiIntroductionForewordSoftware version 2.0 or above.® 1995 GARMIN International9875 Widmer Road, Lenexa, KS 662

INTERSECTION INFORMATIONThe GPS 90’s intersection waypoint page allows entryof a desired intersection by identifier and displays posi-tion and ne

VOR INFORMATIONThe GPS 90’s VOR waypoint page allows you to entera desired VOR by identifier, facility name, or city nameand displays the selected fa

The user waypoint page allows you to create new way-points three ways:• Enter the exact position of the new waypoint• Reference a waypoint already in

The field highlight will automatically advance to thebearing field. To enter a bearing and range from the reference position:1. Press Eto begin en

The user waypoint page also allows you to rename anyuser waypoint in memory.To rename a user waypoint:1. Use the arrow keypad to highlight the ‘RENAME

One of the many benefits of GPS navigation is theability to fly directly to a waypoint or fly a chain of way-points without relying totally on g

The GPS 90’s GOTO function lets you choose anystored waypoint as a destination and quickly set a coursefrom your present position. Once a GOTO has

The GPS 90 lets you create and store up to 20 routesof 30 waypoints each. Routes are created, copied andedited through the route definition page,

To create a route in the GPS 90:1. Press Eto begin route number selection.2. Use the Uor Dkey to enter a route number.3. Press the Ekey to confirm the

The route action fields, located at the bottom of theroute definition page, allow you to clear, invert and acti-vate the routes stored in the GPS 9

iiCAUTIONThe GPS system is operated by the United States Government, which is solelyresponsible for its accuracy and maintenance. The system is

Once a route has been activated, the Active Route Pagewill appear, displaying the waypoint sequence of yourroute with the estimated time enroute

Once you’ve selected a waypoint from the route list,choose a menu function:1. To review the definition page for the waypoint, highlight the‘review’ fi

The GPS 90 Status page displays the status of variousreceiver functions. The status information will help youunderstand what the GPS is doing at any g

2D NAV — at least 3 satellites with good geometryhave been locked onto and a 2 dimensional positionfix (lat. & lon.) is being calculated. ‘

The GPS 90 Position page displays your current posi-tion’s latitude, longitude, altitude and time numerically. Italso displays your track (comp

The GPS 90 features a powerful moving map displaythat can do much more than just plot your course androute. The Map page also provides you wi

There are three main functions you can perform fromthe Map page— zooming, pointing and panning. Each ofthese functions has its own ‘field’, which may b

To review the definition page for a waypoint highlighted in the map field:1. Press the Ekey.2. To return to the Map Page, press E.To GOTO a waypoint hig

One of the benefits of a moving map display is beingable to pan to diff e rent map areas and see what’s outthere. To get the most out of panning,

The GPS 90’s Map page also features an AutoZoommode that automatically changes the map scale to keepyour present position and destination on the d

iiiWelcome to the smallest, easiest-to-use GPS navigator in the skies! TheG A R M I N GPS 90 re p resents GARMIN’s continuing commitment to pro

The GPS 90 Main Menu page provides access to submenusand functions that are used to select and customize operationand navigation setup. The listings a

The GPS 90 has four available operating modes:Normal Mode operates the unit at maximum per-f o rmance, and should provide a battery life of 15hours

To enter an initial position reference:1. Move the field highlight to the ‘Ref’ field and press E.2. Use the arrow keypad to enter the identifier of the

The GPS 90’s heading information can be displayedreferencing magnetic north (automatic or user-defined),true north or calculated grid headings. The def

The screen backlight timer is adjustable for 0, 15, 30, 60, 120 and 240 seconds. The ‘0’ setting willkeep the screen backlighting on as long as t

The GPS 90 timer function will count down from anentered interval and alert you with a message or keep arunning timer that will count up to 99:59:59 w

To change the track criteria to the time interval setting:1. Highlight the ‘criteria’ field and press E.2. Use the Uor Dkey to select ‘Time Interval’ a

To select a transfer option:1. Highlight the ‘host’ field and press E.2. UseUandDto select the desired setting and pressE.To disable all GPS 90 inter

When the GPS 90 is receiving DGPS corrections, the‘beacon receiver’ section of the I/O setup page will displaythe frequency and signal strength, a

The second option available from the Main Menu isthe Map Configuration submenu, which lets youselect what features are displayed on the map,

ivDesigned for easy operation, the GARMIN GPS 90 offers powerful featuresthat help make aviation navigation come alive in the palm of your hand. Preci

The third option available on the GPS 90’s Main Menupage is the Alarms/CDI submenu, which is used to con-trol SUA alarms, set arrival and CDI alarms a

The GPS 90’s SUA alarms for the following airspacetypes may be turned on or off from the alarms/CDI page:• Class B/CTA- ICAO control area• Class

To enter an altitude buffer:1. Highlight the ‘ALT BUF’ field and press E.2. Use the arrow keypad to enter a buffer value and pressE.The next function a

The Main Menu page also provides access to the GPS9 0 ’s E6-B functions, which can be used to calculatedensity altitude, winds aloft, fuel usage, s

The GPS 90’s trip and fuel planning function w i l lcalculate the desired track, distance, estimated timee n route and fuel re q u i r ement

Once the route option has been selected, you’ll needto select the route number you want to perform the tripplanning for.3. Press Eto begin selection o

The last option featured on the GPS 90’s E6-B menu isthe v e rtical navigation (VNAV) function, which letsyou create a rate of descent profile

To activate the VNAV function:1. Review the calculated vertical speed. If the calculatedspeed does not fit within the performance guidelines of yourair

The last three options available from the GPS 90’s MainMenu Page are the user waypoint list, route manage-ment function and messages page. The route m

The GPS 90’s simulator mode lets you practice allaspects of its operation without active satellite acquisi-tion. You can also plan and pr

vBefore getting started with your new GPS, check to see that your GPS 90package includes the following items. If you are missing any parts, please see

Once the simulator mode has been activated, use thePosition or Navigation Page to set your speed and track.You may also enter a new position

The first time you power up your new GPS 90 is ani m p o rtant step in getting the best possible GPS perf o r-mance. The receiver must be given an op

The GPS 90 includes an adjustable yoke mountingbracket that may be attached to the control yoke for easyaccess without blocking the view of the i

For Bonanza, Baron and other aircraft with Beechcenter column control:1. Unscrew and remove the upper mounting knob.2. Reposition the C-clamp as shown

The GPS 90 may be powered by four AA b a t t e r i e s ,wired directly to 8-40 volt DC power, or by an optionalc i g a rette lighter plug adap

The GPS 90 Power/Data Cable allows you run the unitoff 8-40 volts DC power and connect to external devices.Always use the power cable with a 2 amp fus

68The GPS 90 features a dry nitrogen-filled case and quality construction toprovide reliable navigation without user maintenance. These design benefits,

It’s important to note that unless your GPS fails internally, you shouldnever experience complete loss of data. To avoid losing data by batteryfailure

Why does my GPS 90 take so long to acquire a position?There are several variables that can effect how long the GPS 90 takes to calcu-late a position fi

Antenna connections and internal failures may also result in long acquisitiontimes, no position fix or intermittent reception:• Check the GPS 90’s port

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Almanac Data—Satellite constellation information (including location andhealth of satellites) that is transmitted to your receiver from every GPS

Track (TRK)—The direction of movement relative to aground position.Universal Transverse Merc a t o r - (UTM)— A gridcoordinate system that project

The GPS 90 uses a flashing on-scre e nmessage to alert you to important inform a t i o n .Whenever the message indicator appears, pre s sthe Pk

75Near SUA < 2nm—Your present position is within 2 nm of an SUA boundary,but you are not projected to enter it.No Position—You have tried to save a

Route Waypoint was Deleted—A route waypoint entered does not exist inthe database and has been deleted from the route. RTCM Input has Failed—DGPS data

Longitudinal Zone OffsetW180.0º to W172.5º -12W172.5º to W157.5º -11W157.5º to W142.5º -10W142.5º to W127.5º -9W127.5º to W112.5º -8W112.5º to W097.5º

Adindan Adindan- Ethiopia, Mali,Senegal, SudanAfgooye Afgooye- SomaliaAIN EL ABD ‘70 AIN ELANBD 1970- BahrainIsland, Saudi ArabiaAnna 1 Ast ‘65 Anna

Luzon Philippine Luzon- Philippines (excluding Mindanao Island)Mahe 1971 Mahe 1971- Mahe IslandMarco Astro Marco Astro- Salvage IslandMassawa Massawa

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81AActive Waypoints ...27Active Route ...27,29Active Route Pa

1SECTION ONE Takeoff TourGPS Overview ...2Ba

N (continued)Nearest Airport Setup...50Nearest Waypoint Page...13NMEA Selectio

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© 1995 GARMIN INTERNATIONAL9875 Widmer Road, Lenexa, KS 66215, USAGARMIN/Europe LTDRobert House, Station Approach Romsey, Hampshire SO51 8DU UKPar