Garmin GPS 155XL TSO User Manual

GPS 155XLPilot’s Guide and Reference155xlb manual 1/12/99 4:05 PM Page i

MThe message key is used to view system messages and to alert you toimportant warnings and requirements. This key is also used to access theGPS 155XL’

6. Monitor your distance and bearing from the DME navaid along the arc. 7. The external CDI course deviation needle will begin to center as you approa

EXAMPLE 4— RADAR VECTORS TO FINAL APPROACH COURSEExample 4 uses the same VOR/DME RWY 21 approach into Topeka/Forbes FieldAirport (KFOE) used in Exampl

The Jeppesen database used in the GPS 155XL features standard terminal arrivalroutes (STARs) and standard instrument departures (SIDs) that may be pla

The SID select page also allows you to review all the available SIDs for the depar-ture airport and select, delete or change the active SID.To replace

94SECTION5APPROACH NAVSelecting &Activating STARsStandard Terminal Arrival Routes (STARs) used in the GPS 155XL are selectedand activated with the

The STAR select page also allows you to review all available STARs for the desti-nation airport and select, delete or change the active STAR.To replac

96Section 6Messages and Unit Settings The GPS 155XL’s Mkey provides access to system messages and allows you to customize the unit to your own prefere

97The map orientation may be set to north up, trackup or desired track up. This determines whatdirection the top of the map display is oriented to.Ma

98UNIT SETTINGSMap Page SetupSECTION6The automatic zoom feature will automaticallyadjust the map display through progressivelylower scale settings as

99The ‘auto mag’ setting will automatically calculatethe magnetic variation based upon your currentposition.When the ‘Auto’ CDI setting is selected, t

The GARMIN GPS 155XL is a powerful navigational tool that provides pilots with accuratenavigational data, including non-precision approaches, SIDs and

100The runway length and surface type settings allowpilots of large, high-performance aircraft to directthe T key function to ignore those airports at

101Display timeout settings. As shown, the displaybacklight will turn off after 30 seconds to conservepower in the optional battery pack.To set the m

102Setting the display mode to ‘negative’ will displayon-screen characters as light green on a blackbackground. This setting is suitable for nightope

103Trip timer settings, showing timer active whenground speed exceeds 100 knots.The backlight intensity settings page is used toset/adjust the screen

104Units of measure settings with all metric valuesdisplayed.Default units of measure settings.UNIT SETTINGSUnits of MeasureSECTION6The GPS 155XL can

105The SUA settings page with ‘other’ airspaces dis-abled and the altitude buffer set to 500 feet.The SUA settings page with all airspace alertsenable

106UNIT SETTINGSMap DatumsSECTION6Map datum page showing the default WGS 84datum. This setting should be used unless yourpaper chart specifies a diff

The last page available under the GPS 155XL’s setup menu is the I/O setup page.The I/O setup page lets you configure the GPS 155XL to input RTCM SC-10

108NAVDATA CARDSaving User DataAPPENDIXAData card warningAppendix ANavData®and User Data Installation/OperationThe NavData card supplied with your GPS

109Restore data pageData transfer pageAPPENDIXANAVDATA CARDSaving User DataTo restore user data from a user data card to the GPS 155XL:1. Install the

The satellite status page shows the ID numbers forthe satellites and the relative signal strength ofeach satellite received. Turn the K knob to viewad

110INSTALLATION &MAINTENANCEAPPENDIXBThe GPS 155XL is built to exacting standards and doesnot require user maintenance. If the faceplate and lensr

111APPENDIXCSIMULATOROperating mode pageSelecting the simulator mode.The GPS 155XL’s simulator mode allows you to plan and practice flights in yourhom

112Database confirmation pageSIMULATORAPPENDIXCEntering an initial position reference.To enter an initial position reference by waypoint identifier:1.

Altitude input fail - The altitude serializer input is not available forthe GPS 155XL. Check the I/O settings and/orthe serializer installation. If e

Cannot ofst goto rte - An attempt has been made to engage the offsetnavigation feature while the GPS 155XL is navi-gating using a single waypoint rou

Invalid copy route - A non-empty route was selected for a copy opera-tion. A route must be empty before another routecan be copied to it.Invalid CPA

Poor GPS coverage - The GPS 155XL cannot acquire sufficient satel-lites necessary to provide navigation.Prox alarm-press NAV - Your craft has penetra

Route wpt deleted - One or more route waypoints were deletedwhile receiving data from the optional PCInterface Kit.Route wpt locked - At least one r

118APPENDIXDMESSAGES &ABBREVIATIONSThis section of Appendix D provides a complete list of GPS 155XL abbreviations andtheir meanings.ALT- AltitudeA

119APPENDIXDMESSAGES &ABBREVIATIONSILS- Instrument Landing SystemIG- Imperial GallonsINT- Intersection WaypointJET A- Jet Fuel - Type AJET B- Jet

After the GPS 155XL acquires satellites and computes a position, the position pagewill appear automatically, and you’ll be informed with ‘Ready for na

120APPENDIXDMESSAGES &ABBREVIATIONSSEQ- SequenceSGL- SignalSID- Standard InstrumentDepartureSLCT- SelectSRFC- SurfaceSTAR- Standard Terminal Arriv

121APPENDIXESPECIFICATIONSAppendix ESpecificationsPHYSICALSize: 6.25”W x 5.8”D x 2”H (159mm x 147mm x 51mm)Weight: 27.2 ounces (.77 kg)Rack Size:

122APPENDIXFMAP DATUMSAppendix FMap DatumsADINDAN Ethiopia, Mali, Senegal,SudanAFGOOYE SomaliaAIN EL ABD 1970 Bahrain Island, Saudi ArabiaANNA 1 ASTRO

123APPENDIXFMAP DATUMSLUZON PHILIPPINES Philippines (excluding Mindanao Isl.)MAHE 1971 Mahe IslandMARCO ASTRO Salvage IslandsMASSAWA Eritrea (Ethiopia

124APPENDIXGTROUBLE-SHOOTINGQ & AAppendix GTroubleshooting Q & AThe GPS 155XL is a precision navigation instrument that offers a wide array of

125APPENDIXGTROUBLE-SHOOTINGQ & AWhy aren’t there any approaches available for my route?Approaches are only available when the final route waypoin

126APPENDIXGTROUBLE-SHOOTINGQ & AWhat does the GPS APR switch do? What is ‘arming’ an approach?The GPS APR switch must be set to the ARM position

127APPENDIXGTROUBLE-SHOOTINGQ & AWhen should I switch from HOLD to AUTO, and what happens when I do?Once you are ready to resume automatic waypoin

When does turn anticipation begin, and what bank angle is expected?The GPS 155XL will smooth adjacent leg transitions based upon a nominal 15ºbank ang

129APPENDIXGTROUBLE-SHOOTINGQ & AWhat is the correct missed approach procedure? How do I select the missedapproach holding point?To comply with TS

The NAV summary page without a direct-to destination or active route appears blank, exceptfor ground speed (GS) and track (TRK) figures, if displayed.

130APPENDIXHINDEXAppendix HIndexAAbbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118-120Accessory list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii

131APPENDIXHINDEXDisplay contrast. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102Display mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102Displaying airports

132APPENDIXHINDEXNavData cards . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32, 108-109Navigation terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12NDBs . . . . . . . . . .

133APPENDIXHINDEXTrip planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Trip timer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28, 103Trip timer settin

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© 1999 GARMIN CorporationGARMIN International, Inc.1200 East 151st Street Olathe, KS 66062GARMIN (Europe) LTDUnit 5, The Quadrangle, Abbey Park Indus

In addition to the destination field and graphical CDI, the GPS 155XL NAV summa-ry page features five selectable fields for various navigation data so

The map display may be oriented along yourground track (track up), course (desired track up)or fixed at north up. Desired track up or north upsetting

The map display has 14 available scales from 0.5 to 300 (nautical miles, statute miles orkilometers) representing the vertical height of the map. The

The GPS 155XL’s Tkey provides the nine nearest airports, VORs, NDBs, inter-sections, user waypoints and any SUA (special use airspace) alerts, as well

To select a nearest waypoint as a direct-to destination:1. Press the Dkey. The direct-to confirmation page for the selected waypoint will appear.2. Pr

155xlb manual 1/12/99 4:05 PM Page ii

Remember! The NAV pages will only display infor-mation AFTER the position and navigational infor-mation has been calculated from the satellites. If yo

The GPS 155XL’s NAV summary page provides you with the important informa-tion needed to navigate directly to your destination. The destination field,

SECTION1NAV KEYConfiguring the NAV Summary PageThe following functions may be displayed in the distance field:• dis— Distance from present position t

To change any of the selectable fields on the NAV summary page:1. Press Cto activate the cursor.2. Rotate Oto highlight the field you would like to ch

The next page available from the GPS 155XL’s Nkey is the map page. The mappage displays your present position, using an airplane symbol (in track up m

15SECTION1To select a map scale:1. Press ato increase the map scale and show a larger area (or turn Kto the right).2. Press bto decrease the map sca

16SECTION1The next page available from the GPS 155XL’s Nkey is the navigation communi-cations (NAVCOM) page. The NAVCOM page provides a list of the ai

Once you begin viewing restrictions, you can view any additional frequencies forthe selected airport by rotating K. (Note: An arrow prompt displayed n

18SECTION1To change the altitude field:1. Press Cto obtain a cursor.2. Rotate Ountil the ‘alt/esa/msa’ field is highlighted.3. Rotate Kto display the

The GPS 155XL’s satellite status page provides satellite information to monitorGPS coverage and receiver performance. This is helpful when you may be

iINTRODUCTIONForewordThis manual is written for software version 2.04 or above, and is not suitable for earlier software versions.© 1999 GARMIN Corpor

20SECTION1To change the DOP/EPE field: 1. PressNand rotate Oto display the satellite status page. 2. If the desired field (EPE or DOP) is not displaye

21SECTION1Viewing individual satellite information.NAV KEYSatellite Data PageThe third and fourth lines of the satellite status page provide the satel

In addition to the five other navigation pages, the GPS 155XL features two menupages to perform a host of planning and navigation functions. NAV Menu

23SECTION1The density altitude/true airspeed function is also accessed from NAV Menu 1.Density altitude is the theoretical altitude at which your airc

24SECTION1To perform fuel planning operations:1. Press Nand rotate Ountil NAV Menu 1 is displayed.2. Press Cand rotate Ountil ‘Fuel Plan?’ is highligh

25SECTION1Winds aloft pageNAV KEYWinds Aloft &VNAV FunctionsVertical navigation pageThe GPS 155XL’s winds aloft function is used to calculate the

You will now notice that the vertical speed has been calculated, based on yourpresent speed. If you desire a more rapid climb or descent rate:8. Use K

27SECTION1To execute a checklist:1. Press Nand rotate Ountil NAV Menu 1 is displayed.2. Press Cand rotate Ountil ‘Chklist?’ is highlighted. Press E.3.

28SECTION1When the countdown timer reaches zero, you will be informed with a ‘Timerexpired’ message. The timer will then begin to count up, displaying

29SECTION1Enter the location, time and date for RAIM pre-diction.NAV KEYRAIM PredictionRAIM available for the entered time, date andwaypoint location.

CAUTIONThe Global Positioning System is operated by the United States government,which is solely responsible for its accuracy and maintenance. The sys

30SECTION1The scheduler function will display reminder messages (such as ‘Change oil’, ‘Switchfuel tanks’, ‘Overhaul’, etc) after a specified time has

31SECTION1Sunrise/sunset planning page showing UTC (Zulu)sunrise and sunset times for ‘KROG’.NAV KEYSunrise/SunsetCalculationsThe GPS 155XL’s sunrise/

Section 2 Waypoint and Database InformationThe GPS 155XL uses a Jeppesen NavData® card to provide position and facilityinformation for thousands of ai

33SECTION2The waypoint menu page allows you to select thedesired waypoint type (or category).WPT KEYWaypoint Categories& Menu PageThe airport posi

34SECTION2After a waypoint category is selected, information for a waypoint may be viewedby entering the identifier or name of the desired waypoint. A

Once a waypoint category and identifier have been selected, the GPS 155XL willprovide extensive information through a set of waypoint pages for the se

The GPS 155XL features six airport pages:airport identification— allows entry of desired airport by identifier, facility name or city; displays region

37SECTION2WPT KEYAirportPosition Page1 2 3654The airport position page displays the latitude, longitude and elevation of theselected airport, as well

The airport procedures page displays all the available approaches, SIDs andSTARs at any selected airport in the database, without placing a specific a

Airport communications page for KCLT.Frequency page with sector restrictions.The airport communication page displays the radio frequencies and usage f

Accessories & Packing ListCongratulations on choosing the finest, most advanced panel mount IFR GPS receiver available. The GPS 155XL represents G

To view additional runways, rotate the K knob inthe direction of the arrow prompts.Airport runway page for KICT.WPT KEYAirportRunway PageSECTION240The

WPT KEYVOR InformationSECTION2VOR position page showing co-located TACANfacility and weather broadcast.VOR identification page41VOR InformationThe GPS

NDB comments pageNDB identification pageSECTION2WPT KEYNDB Information42NDB InformationThe GPS 155XL also uses identification, position and comments p

WPT KEYIntersectionInformationSECTION2Intersection comments page43Intersection InformationThe last database waypoint category available is intersectio

User waypoint comments pageUser waypoint pageWPT KEYUser WaypointsSECTION244User Waypoint InformationIn addition to the airport, VOR, NDB and intersec

SECTION2WPT KEYCreatingUser WaypointsSelecting a method to enter a new user waypoint.Entering the user waypoint’s exact position.45If the waypoint ide

WPT KEYReferenceWaypointsSECTION2Creating a user waypoint by referencing anotherwaypoint.To create a user waypoint from your present posi-tion, leave

WPT KEYCreating Waypointswith AutoStoreSECTION2AutoStore waypoint with default name.The default waypoint name may be changedbefore saving the waypoint

WPT KEYProximityWaypointsSECTION2Proximity waypoints pageProximity alarm message. Pressing N will display the position page with the bearing and dist

WPT KEYUser WaypointListSECTION2User waypoint list showing the current active-towaypoint and a proximity waypoint.Renaming a user waypoint.49The third

INTRODUCTIONWarrantyTo obtain warranty service, see your local dealeror call the GARMIN Customer Service departmentfor a returned merchandise tracking

WPT KEYWaypointCommentsSECTION2Entering waypoint commentsWaypoints with comments page50The last page available through the GPS 155XL’s Wkey is the way

WPT KEYWaypoint ConfirmationDuplicate WaypointsSECTION2Waypoint confirmation pageDuplicate waypoints page51The GPS 155XL’s extensive waypoint database

WPT KEYLocked WaypointsWaypoint ScanningSECTION2Possible messages for locked waypoints.To blank a waypoint field, highlight the field andpress the \ k

SECTION3NRST KEYOverviewNearest airport with other frequency information.If an airport has multiple frequencies available,they may be quickly viewed w

NRST KEYSpecialUse AirspaceSECTION3NOTE: The GPS 155XL will flash the Unext to the Mkeyto inform you of SUA alerts. You do not have to repeatedlycheck

NRST KEYSpecialUse AirspaceSECTION355To view the SUA alert page:1. Press the Tkey.2. Rotate Oone stop to the right to view the SUA alert page.The SUA

NRST KEYSUA MessagesSECTION3SUA alert pageFrequency information for SUA. If the informa-tion is too long to fit on the display, the GPS155XL will auto

NRST KEYSpecial UseAirspaceSECTION3Altitude buffer set at 500 feet. This provides anadded 500 foot margin beyond the floor and ceil-ing limits for an

ROUTE TERMINOLOGYThe diagram at the right shows a basic route consisting of five waypoints and four legs. The waypoint you are travelling to is called

DIRECT-TOSelecting andCancelling a Direct-ToSECTION4To select a direct-to destination, press the D keyand enter the waypoint identifier using K and O.

PART ONE: INTRODUCTIONForeword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .iCautions . . . .

DIRECT-TOManually SelectingA CourseSECTION4The waypoint sequencing field, located at the bottom left of the direct-to confirmation page, dis-plays the

The GPS 155XL lets you create up to 20 routes (numbered 0 through 19), with upto 31 waypoints each. Routes are created, copied and edited through the

The GPS 155XL’s route catalog page is used to create, edit, delete or copy routes,and serves as the main page for a host of functions. These include r

SECTION4ROUTE NAVCreating & Editing Routes63The route editing function allows you to create new routes and edit existingroutes. Creating routes be

ROUTE NAVDeleting &Activating RoutesSECTION464Once a route is defined through the route catalog page, it may be activated from theroute catalog pa

ROUTE NAVCopying RoutesCPA FunctionSECTION465To copy a route:1. Press Rand use Oto display the route catalog page.2. Use Kto display the route to whic

ROUTE NAVSearch & RescueOperationsSECTION466The GPS 155XL’s search-and-rescue function provides navigation guidance forsearch-and-rescue operation

The GPS 155XL’s Route RAIM Prediction Function evaluates enroute RAIM availabilityover the entire route that the pilot intends to fly. Route RAIM Pred

The time required for RAIM prediction computation depends on the routedistance (i.e., 1000 nautical miles = approximately 2 minutes) and the enroute s

ROUTE NAVParallel TrackOffset NavigationSECTION469During route navigation, it is sometimes desirable to navigate a specified distanceaway from the ‘ac

INTRODUCTIONTable of ContentsAppendix A: NavData®and User Data Card Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .108Appendix B: Installation and Maintenance of

ROUTE NAVActive RoutePageSECTION470Flying and Modifying the Active RouteOnce a route has been created and activated, the GPS 155XL will provide naviga

ROUTE NAVAdding ActiveRoute WaypointsSECTION471The distance field can be selected to display cumulative (‘cum’) distance or the dis-tance for each rou

ROUTE NAVOn-RouteDirect-ToSECTION472To delete a waypoint from the active route:1. Press C, if necessary, to activate the cursor. 2. Use Oto highlight

ROUTE NAVTurn AnticipationSECTION473During route operations, the NAV summary page is used to provide turn anticipa-tion, next desired track and waypoi

Section 5Approaches, SIDs and STARsThe GPS 155XL’s approach navigation mode allows you to fly non-precisionapproaches to airports with GPS and overlay

The GPS 155XL works in conjunction with a set of external switches and yourHSI (OBS) to fly GPS approaches. The external switches are used to control

The GPS SEQ switch is used to select manual or automatic waypoint sequencingof waypoints. Setting the GPS SEQ switch to the HOLD position holds your c

Basic Rules of GPS ApproachesThe GPS 155XL is the first GPS certified to meet the requirements of TSO C-129a Category A1. When using the GPS 155XL for

• If you cross the same waypoint twice in succession during an approach (e.g.,the IAF and FAF at the same waypoint, or radar vectors to the FAF), you

Flying A Typical ApproachThe non-precision approaches available from the GPS 155XL will all follow thesame general flow of events described below. Spe

Key and Knob FunctionsBThe power/intensity knob controls unit power and display intensity.bThe zoom-in key is used to zoom in to the next smaller scal

5. Transition to Active Approach PhaseThe approach will automatically transition to the active approach stage andthe GPS APR annunciator will indicate

Selecting and Loading an ApproachWhen an arrival airport is selected with the direct-to key (or created and activated ina route to the arrival airport

When the aircraft is within 30 nautical miles of the destination airport, the GPS155XL will automatically arm the approach, and the GPS APR switch wil

e. Set the GPS SEQ switch to the AUTO position. The GPS 155XL will resume automaticwaypoint sequencing for the remaining approach waypoints.4. Once th

If you’re not authorized to fly direct-to the missed approach holding point:1. After the MAP has been crossed, press the Dkey. The GPS 155XL will auto

The GPS 155XL’s approach select page allows you to review the available approach pro-cedures at the destination airport. From the procedures list, you

GPS APPROACH EXAMPLESIn the examples that follow, the GPS waypoints are shown along the approachpath. In some cases, intermediate database waypoints h

EXAMPLE 1— GPS ONLY APPROACHExample 1 uses the GPS approach into Frederick Municipal Airport (KFDK) andillustrates the basic sequence of selecting and

EXAMPLE 2 – VOR/GPS OVERLAY APPROACHExample 2 uses the VOR/GPS RWY 19 approach into Kansas City DowntownAirport (KMKC) from the south and illustrates

EXAMPLE 3 – VOR/DME ARC OVERLAY APPROACHExample 3 uses the VOR/DME RWY 21 approach into Topeka/Forbes FieldAirport (KFOE) and illustrates an approach