Garmin GPSMAP 238 Sounder User Manual

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owner’s
manual
and
reference
guide
chartplotting receiver
& depth-fi nder
GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder
(GPSMAP 188C Shown)
188Ccover.indd 1 6/30/2003, 3:24:39 PM
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Summary of Contents

Page 1 - GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder

owner’s manualandreference guidechartplotting receiver& depth-fi nderGPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder(GPSMAP 188C Shown)188Ccover.indd 1 6/30/2003, 3:

Page 2

viiiIntroductionTable of ContentsIntroduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i-viiiPreface and Registration . . . . . . . . . .

Page 3 - Registration

90ReferenceMain Menu: Comm Tab/Alarm TabAdvanced NMEA Output SetupThe GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder NMEA data transmission can be customized to change t

Page 4 - FCC Compliance

91ReferenceMain Menu: Alarm Tab Battery – sets an alarm to sound when the battery is reaching a critical state of discharge. DGPS – sets an

Page 5 - Warnings and Cautions

92Appendix AAntenna InstallationInstalling the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 SounderThe GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder must be properly installed according to the

Page 6 - Serial Number

93Appendix AUnit InstallationMounting the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder UnitThe GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder’s compact, waterproof case is suitable for m

Page 7 - Software License Agreement

94Appendix AUnit InstallationThe GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder can be fl ush mounted on a fl at panel. When fl ush mounting the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder

Page 8 - Packing List

95Appendix AWiring and InterfacingConnecting the Power/Data CableThe power/data cable connects the GPSMAP 188/238 Sounder to a 8-35 (GPSMAP 188C 10-35

Page 9 - Capabilities

96Appendix ASelecting a TransducerTransducersThe transducer acts as the eyes and ears of your new sonar. Proper transducer selection and installation

Page 10 - Table of Contents

97Appendix AMounting the TransducerProper transducer installation is key to getting the best performance from your new unit. If the transducer lead is

Page 11 - Keypad Usage

98Appendix AMounting the TransducerTo avoid drilling a hole to mount a thru-hull transducer, a transom mount transducer may be used with epoxy inside

Page 12 - Power On

99Appendix ATesting the InstallationTesting the InstallationWhile it is possible to perform some checks with the boat trailered, the boat should be in

Page 13 - Initializing the Receiver

1Getting StartedKeypad UsageUsing the KeypadZOOM IN Key— adjusts the map scale to display a smaller area with more detail (Zooms in). ZOOM OUT Key— ad

Page 14 - Selecting Options

100Appendix BInstalling and RemovingData CardsOnce the data card has been read, a summary screen appears. Press ENTER to acknowledge.Installing and Re

Page 15 - Entering Data

101Appendix CMaintenanceCleaningThe GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder is constructed of high quality materials and does not require user maintenance other t

Page 16 - Tour/Backlighting

On the Units Tab of the Main Menu, press MENU, then highlight ‘Loran TD On’ and press ENTER to select Loran TD.Or, highlight the Position Format fi eld

Page 17 - Simulator Mode

103Appendix DLoran TDTo select the Loran TD position format: 1. On the Units tab of the Main Menu, press MENU, highlight ‘Loran TD On’ and press ENT

Page 18 - Map Page

104Appendix EMap DatumAdindan Adindan- Ethiopia, Mali, Senegal, SudanAfgooye Afgooye- SomaliaAIN EL ABD ‘70 AIN EL ANBD 1970- Bahra

Page 19 - Map Cursor

105Appendix EMap DatumKandawala Kandawala- Sri LankaKerguelen Islnd Kerguelen IslandKertau 1948 West Malaysia, SingaporeL. C. 5 Astro Caym

Page 20 - Marking Waypoints

106Appendix FMessagesBattery Voltage High Please Check Connection— Input DC voltage is too high for unit.Battery Voltage Low Please Check Connection—

Page 21 - Using the NAV Key

107Appendix FMessagesProximity Alarm List is Full— You have used all ten proximity waypoints.Proximity Alarm Waypoint— You have entered the alarm radi

Page 22 - Simulated Tour

108Appendix GNavigation TermsAvg Speed— The average of all second-by-second speed readings since last reset.Bearing (BRG)— The compass direction from

Page 23 - Map Waypoints

109Appendix GNavigation Termsposition readings. Off Course— The distance you are off a desired course in either direction, left or right. Also referre

Page 24 - Sonar Page

2Initializing the Receiver/Power OnGetting StartedThe GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder’s advanced keypad system is designed to allow for fast, con-venient

Page 25

110Time OffsetsAppendix HThe chart below gives an approximate UTC (Universal Time Coordinate) time offset for the various longitudinal zones. Check wi

Page 26 - Numbers Page

111Appendix IUnderstanding SonarUnderstanding SonarIf you are unfamiliar with basic sonar, or need help determining what is displayed on the graph, th

Page 27 - Highway Page

112Appendix ITransducer CoverageTransducer CoverageThe area covered by the transmitted sound waves is determined by the cone angle of the transducera

Page 28

113Appendix IUnderstanding the ChartUnderstanding the GraphIt is important to understand that the unit does not display a 3-D representation of the un

Page 29 - Active Route Page

114Appendix IUnderstanding the ChartWhitelineThe GPSMAP 188/188C/238 can help you to determine if the bottom is hard or soft. When the sonar soundwave

Page 30 - Deleting Waypoints

115Appendix IUnderstanding the ChartThermoclinesOne of the unique features offered by Garmin is See-Thru technology. See-Thru technology allows the GP

Page 31 - Powering Off Unit

116Appendix JSpecifi cationsPhysical Specifi cationsSize: 188: 6.2" H x 6.3" W x 2.6" D (15.8cm x 16.0cm x 6.6cm) 188C: 6.2"

Page 32

117Appendix JSpecifi cationsDGPS (WAAS) Accuracy Position: 3 meters (10 feet), 95% typical* Velocity: 0.05 meters/sec steady state Dyna

Page 33 - Map Page Cursor

118IndexAppendix KAAccessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viAccuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Page 34 - Map Page: Cursor

119Appendix KIndexGPS Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3, 68-70‘Go To’ a Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Page 35 - Map Page Options

3Getting StartedInitializing the ReceiverTo graphically initialize the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder:1. Press the MENU key twice for the Main Menu. Pre

Page 36

120Appendix KIndexRegistration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iRestore Unit Defaults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Page 37

121Appendix KIndexWarnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iiiWarranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Page 38

188Ccover.indd 3 6/30/2003, 3:24:52 PM

Page 40

© Copyright 2003 Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiariesGarmin International, Inc.1200 East 151stStreet, Olathe, Kansas 66062, U.S.A.Garmin (Europe) Ltd.Unit

Page 41

4Getting StartedSelecting OptionsSelecting Options and Entering DataBefore moving ahead into the features of the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder, you will

Page 42

5Getting StartedEntering DataNaming a waypoint or placing any sort of data that has not been predefi ned requires the use of both the ARROW KEYPAD and

Page 43

6Getting StartedTour/BacklightingGPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder Getting Started TourThe Garmin GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder is a powerful electronic navig

Page 44 - Adjustment Menu

7Getting StartedSimulator ModeYou may also adjust the screen contrast (GPSMAP 188/238 monochrome only).To adjust the screen contrast:1. Press POWER

Page 45

8Getting StartedMain Pages/Map PageMain PagesThe Map Page is one of six main pages used in the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder’s system. The six main page

Page 46 - Sonar Page Options

9Getting StartedMap CursorUsing the Map CursorWorking from the Map Page is a simple process that centers around the use of the cursor. Controlled by t

Page 47

© Copyright 2003 Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiariesGarmin International, Inc. 1200 East 151st Street, Olathe, KS 66062, U.S.A.Tel. 913/397.8200 or 800/

Page 48

10Getting StartedMarking WaypointsTo mark your present position:1. Hold down the ENTER/MARK key until the ‘New Waypoint’ window appears then release

Page 49 - Sonar Tab Options

11Getting StartedUsing the NAV KeyGoing to a DestinationGPS is all about marking positions as waypoints and navigating to them using the receiver’s st

Page 50

12Getting StartedSimulated TourTo activate the practice route stored in memory for navigation:1. Press NAV. A list of options appear. 2. Use the ARR

Page 51 - Compass Page

13Getting StartedReviewing/CreatingMap WaypointsYou’ll now have a clearer picture of the route you are navigating. Keep in mind that when you exceed t

Page 52

14Getting StartedSonar PageSonar PageThe Sonar Page is where your GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder becomes a powerful fi shfi nder/fl asher. The top left of t

Page 53 - Highway Page Options

15Getting StartedSonar PageUsing the Adjustment MenuThe Adjustment Menu allows direct access to the settings and features most commonly used on the So

Page 54 - Creating Waypoints

16Getting StartedCompass Page/Numbers PageCompass PageNumbers PageCurrentDestinationDataFieldsCompassRingPointerArrowNow that we’re navigating to an a

Page 55

17Getting StartedNumbers Page/Highway PageTo split the data fi elds:1. Press MENU, then press ENTER. Highlight the ‘SPEED’ data fi eld and press MENU.

Page 56

18Getting StartedHighway PageWhenever the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder is in simulator mode, you can also adjust your speed and course from the Highway

Page 57

19Getting StartedChanging Data Fields/Active Route PageChanging Data FieldsThe data fi elds on the main pages may also be confi gured to display several

Page 58 - Reviewing/Editing Waypoints

iIntroductionPreface andRegistration)PrefaceCongratulations on choosing one of the most advanced marine navigation systems available! The Garmin GPSMA

Page 59 - Editing Waypoints

20Getting StartedMain Menu Page/Deleting WaypointsMain Menu PageAs you’ve seen, the primary pages provide map and navigation information. The tour’s l

Page 60 - Waypoint Lists

21Getting StartedPowering Off UnitCongratulations! You’ve now gone through the basic operation of the Garmin GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder. Your new dig

Page 61

22ReferenceMap PageMap PageThe GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder’s Map Page provides a comprehensive display of electronic cartography, plotting and navigat

Page 62

23ReferenceMap Page CursorTo activate and move the cursor:1. Press the ARROW KEYPAD in an UP, DOWN, LEFT or RIGHT direction. As you move the cursor,

Page 63 - Going to a Destination

24ReferenceMap Page: Cursorand ZoomingThe cursor may also be used to create new waypoints directly from the map.To create a waypoint with the cursor o

Page 64 - TracBack Navigation

25ReferenceMap Page OptionsThe GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder’s system has a built-in worldwide database to 20 mi, with more detailed coverage available

Page 65

26ReferenceMap Page Options• Full Screen Map/Show Data — toggles between a full screen map or a map with sonar information and/or data fi elds on the t

Page 66 - MOB: Man OverBoard

27Map Page OptionsReference• POINTER – Arrow points to your destination • POSITION – Current position coordinates • SONAR – Compressed view of sonar d

Page 67 - Creating a Route

28ReferenceMap Page OptionsYou may also choose to ‘merge’ the four medium, default data fi elds to a single, large fi eld for better readability, or ‘sp

Page 68 - Following a Route

29ReferenceMap Page Options• Size Split — enables height adjustment of the Map Page sonar split screen. You may adjust the size of the map/sonar split

Page 69 - Route List Page

iiIntroductionFCC ComplianceFCC ComplianceThe GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder complies with Part 15 of the FCC interference limits for Class B digital dev

Page 70 - Route Review Page

30ReferenceMap Page OptionsGeneral Tab Detail— Most, More, Normal, Less, Least: controls how much map detail you will see. This setting only appl

Page 71 - Editing Routes

31ReferenceMap Page OptionsWaypoints Tab— Waypoints/Active Route Text— None, Small, Medium, and Large: controls the screen size of the name.

Page 72

32ReferenceMap Page OptionsTrack Tab— Saved Tracks/Track Log Zoom— Auto, Off, 20 ft.–800 ft, 0.2 nm–800 nm.: sets the maximum scale at which the

Page 73

33ReferenceSonar PageSonar PageThe Sonar Page is where your GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder becomes a powerful fi shfi nder/fl asher. Fish are displayed as c

Page 74

34ReferenceSonar Page: Adjustment MenuTo change a setting back to ‘Normal’ or ‘Auto’:1. On the adjustment window for the desired option, press MENU.

Page 75 - Find Key

35Sonar Page:Adjustment MenuReferenceOnce activated, the zoomed picture becomes the Sonar Page display. You may also cycle through the sonar zoom disp

Page 76 - Find Options

36Sonar Page OptionsReferenceDepth Line— adds a horizontal depth line across the display which is used to measure the depth of underwater objects. The

Page 77 - Main Menu Page

37ReferenceSonar Page Options‘Show Pointer’ option enabledData WindowPointer‘Show Numbers’ option enabled• Show/Hide Pointer — allows you to reference

Page 78 - Main Menu: GPS Tab

38ReferenceSonar Page Options• Size Split — enables width adjustment of the Sonar Page split screen. This option is only available when a split screen

Page 79

39ReferenceSonar Tab Options,Water Type — since sound waves travel through ‘Fresh’ and ‘Salt’ water at different rates it is necessary to select the ‘

Page 80

iiiIntroductionWarnings and CautionsThe GPS system is operated by the United States government, which is solely responsible for its accuracy and maint

Page 81

40ReferenceSonar Page OptionsCalibrate Water Speed — this is only available if you are using a speed-capable transducer/sensor.Calibration is required

Page 82 - Main Menu: Tide Tab

41Compass PageThe GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder features two different navigation pages: Compass and High-way. Whenever a NAV, Follow Track (TracBack),

Page 83

42ReferenceNumbers Page/Highway PageNumbers PageThe Numbers Page provides a quick reference for the important data you want to display. The default pa

Page 84 - Celestial Tab

43ReferenceHighway Page OptionsThe Highway Page options menu provides access to functions and features relating to the Highway Page and the layout opt

Page 85 - Main Menu: Track Tab

44ReferenceCreating WaypointsCreating and Using WaypointsThe Garmin GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder stores up to 3000 alphanumeric waypoints with a user-d

Page 86

45ReferenceCreating Waypoints6. To manually enter a set of coordinates, highlight the coordinates and press ENTER, then use the ARROW KEYPAD to ente

Page 87 - Main Menu: DSC Tab

46ReferenceCreating WaypointsAdditional Options For Creating WaypointsWaypoints may also be created by manually entering position coordinates through

Page 88

47ReferenceCreating Waypoints3. To select another location from which to project a waypoint, highlight the fi eld next to ‘From’ and press ENTER. The

Page 89

48ReferenceReviewing/Editing WaypointsWaypoint Review Page— Highlight ‘OK’ and press ENTER to exit/save changes and return to the Map Page.Waypoint Re

Page 90

49ReferenceEditing WaypointsTo change the comment/position coordinates/depth:1. Highlight the desired fi eld and press ENTER.2. Use the ARROW KEYPAD

Page 91

ivIntroductionWarranty andSerial NumberThe GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder is fastened shut with screws. Any attempt to open the case to change or modify

Page 92 - Main Menu: DSC/Card Tabs

50ReferenceWaypoint ListsMain Menu—Points TabWaypoint ListsThe GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder’s Main Menu Page features two waypoint submenu tabs, ‘User’

Page 93 - Pages Tab

51ReferenceWaypoint Lists)You can also search for a waypoint by name:1. Highlight the name fi eld and press ENTER.2. Use the ARROW KEYPAD to select th

Page 94 - System Tab

52ReferenceWaypoint ListsTo add a proximity waypoint:1. Use the ARROW KEYPAD to highlight an empty space on the Proximity list and press ENTER. The ‘

Page 95 - Units Tab

53ReferenceGoing to a DestinationGoing to a DestinationUsing the NAV key, the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder provides three ways to navigate to a destina

Page 96 - Main Menu: Units Tab

54ReferenceGoing to a Destination/TracBack Navigation‘Go To MAP Point’ allows you to navigate to a spot on the map that is not a waypoint or map item.

Page 97 - Main Menu: Comm Tab

55ReferenceTracBack Navigation2. Use the ARROW KEYPAD to select ‘Save’ and press ENTER.3. On the ‘Save Back Through’ window, highlight the desired

Page 98 - Main Menu: Comm tab

56ReferenceTracBack Navigation/MOB: Man OverBoard• If the track log interval is set to the ‘Time’ option, the route may not follow your exact path

Page 99

57ReferenceCreating a RouteCreating a RouteThe last way to navigate to a destination is to create a user-defi ned route. The Garmin GPSMAP 188/188C/238

Page 100 - Alarm Tab

58ReferenceCreating a Route/Following a RouteTo create a route using text:1. Press the MENU key twice to display the Main Menu page. Use the ARROW KE

Page 101 - Main Menu: Alarm Tab

59ReferenceRoute List Page2. Highlight the route you wish to navigate and press ENTER.3. Choose ‘Activate’ or ‘Invert and Activate’ and press ENTE

Page 102 - Antenna Installation

vIntroductionSoftware License AgreementSoftware License AgreementBY USING THE GPSMAP 188/188C/238, YOU AGREE TO BE BOUND BY THE TERMS AND CON-DITIONS

Page 103 - Unit Installation

60ReferenceRoute Review PageRoute Review PageOnce you have created a route, the Route Review page allows you to edit a selected route. To access the R

Page 104

61ReferenceEditing Routes• Edit on Map — review and modify the route displayed for each point (waypoint or map item) on a map page. You may also use t

Page 105 - (TX COM 2)

62ReferenceEditing RoutesThe GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder’s route edit mode also allows you to insert a new route point in any route leg using the map

Page 106 - Selecting a Transducer

63ReferenceEditing Routes• Trip Planning — The Route Review and Active Route pages also display trip-planning information for each leg or the entire r

Page 107 - Mounting the Transducer

64ReferenceActive Route PageActive Route PageWhenever you have activated a route in the GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder, the Active Route page shows each

Page 108

65ReferenceFind KeyFind KeyThe FIND key allows you to search the units for user waypoints, map items, and any optional BlueChart or MapSource informat

Page 109 - Testing the Installation

66ReferenceFind OptionsTo view details about an item:1. With the desired item highlighted in the search results list, press ENTER.2. An Informatio

Page 110 - Data Cards

67ReferenceMain Menu PageMain Menu PageThe GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder’s Main Menu Page provides access to various waypoint, system, navigation and in

Page 111 - Maintenance

68ReferenceMain Menu: GPS Tab• Pages – enables main pages to be shut off, turned on, or ‘jumped to’.• Map – sets up Map Page features, zooms,

Page 112 - Loran TD

69ReferenceMain Menu: GPS TabWAAS CapabilityThe GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder is capable of receiving WAAS (Wide Area Augmentation System) satellite sig

Page 113

,GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder Standard and Optional TransducersUnit part numbers 010-00268-01, 010-00239-02, 010-00239-03, and 010-00250-11 include a 2

Page 114 - Map Datum

70ReferenceMain Menu: GPS TabThe status fi eld will show one of the following conditions:• Looking For Satellites – the receiver is looking for any

Page 115

71ReferenceMain Menu: GPS TabThe Differential SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio) indicates, on a scale to 0-30db with 30db being the best, the strength of th

Page 116 - Messages

72ReferenceMain Menu: Tide TabTide Tab— shows a graphical chart that displays tide station information in a 24-hour span starting at midnight station

Page 117

73ReferenceMain Menu: Tide TabTo view the chart for a tide station nearest to your current location:1. From the Tide tab, highlight the ‘At’ fi eld a

Page 118 - Navigation Terms

74ReferenceTrip Tab— displays Trip Odometer, Moving Average Speed, Total Average Speed, Maximum Speed, Stopped Time, Moving Time, Total Time, and Odom

Page 119

75ReferenceMain Menu— Active Track TabPoints Tab— contains the ‘User’ and ‘Proximity’ waypoint lists. See pages 50-52.Route Tab— contains a list of av

Page 120 - Appendix H

Reviewing a saved track76ReferenceMain Menu: Track Tab• Value— defi nes the distance or time used to record the track log.• Save— allows you to save th

Page 121 - Understanding Sonar

77ReferenceMain Menu: DSC TabDSC Tab— allows to control and set up DSC (Digital Selective Calling) features on the unit.What is Digital selective call

Page 122 - 20' coverage at 30'

78Main Menu: DSC TabReferenceHOW ARE MMSI ASSIGNMENTS OBTAINED?Non-commercial users (e.g. recreational users who remain in domestic waters and only ca

Page 123 - Understanding the Chart

79Main Menu: DSC TabReferenceMMSI number attached to the call (if you have DSC support). Any DSC-equipped mariner (on sea or land) within range can re

Page 124

viiIntroductionCapabilitiesDesigned for detailed electronic charting capability, the Garmin GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounder is a powerful navigation devic

Page 125

80Main Menu: DSC TabReferenceDSC Call ListThe DSC Call List displays the current calls received. The GPS can manage up to 50 calls. When ‘calls’ are r

Page 126 - Specifi cations

81Main Menu: DSC TabReferenceThere are two ways to add a new entry into the directory.To add a new Directory entry:1. Press Menu, then highlight ‘Ne

Page 127

82Main Menu: DSC/Card TabsReferenceCard TabA user also has the ability to simulate a Distress Call or a Position Report on this page. This is help-ful

Page 128 - Appendix K

83ReferenceTime Tab— displays the current time and date, allows you to adjust the 12 or 24-hour time format, enter a time zone, and adjust for dayligh

Page 129

84ReferenceMain Menu: Temp Tab/System TabMap Tab— contains setup options for the Map Page. See pages 29-32.Hiway Tab— contains setup options for the H

Page 130

85ReferenceMain Menu: System Tab/Units Tab Track* – lets you enter a heading. Speed* – lets you enter a speed. Transducer* – l

Page 131

86ReferenceMain Menu: Units Tab• Map Datum – allows you to manually select the datum reference used to determine a given posi-tion. The default set

Page 132

87ReferenceMain Menu: Comm TabComm (Communications) Tab— lets you control the input/output format used when connecting your GPSMAP 188/188C/238 Sounde

Page 133

88ReferenceMain Menu: Comm tabTo select a transfer mode:1. Use the ARROW KEYPAD to select ‘Garmin Data Transfer’ in the ‘Serial Data Format’ fi eld.2.

Page 134

89ReferenceMain Menu: Comm TabThe “Status” fi eld will show one of the following:• Tuning – unit is attempting to tune to the specifi ed frequency an

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